Religion is not a departmental affair; it is neither mere thought, nor mere feeling, nor mere action; it is an expression of the whole man. Thus, in the evaluation of religion, philosophy mus recognize the central position of religion and has no other alternative but to admit it as something focal in the process of reflective synthesis. Nor is there any reason to suppose that thought and intiution are essentially opposed to each other. They spring up from the same root and completement each other. The one grasps Reality piecemeal, the other grasps it in its wholeness. The one fixes its gaze on the eternal, the other on the temporal aspect of Reality. The one present enjoyment of the whole of Reality; the other aims at traversing the whole by slowly specifying and closing up the various regions of the whole for exclusive observation. Both are in need of each other for mutual rejuvenation. Both seek visions of the same Reality which reveals itself to them in accordance with their function in life. In fact, intuition as Bergson rightly says, is only a higher kind intellect.
The search of rational foundations in Islam may be regarded to have begun with the Prophet himself. His constant prayer was: "God! Grant me knowledge of the ultimate nature of things!"
Muhammad Iqbal - The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam,
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